1.ACID原则

2.解决分布式事务

cap定理

base理论

3.初识seata

4.seata部署

官网下载seata

https://seata.apache.org/release-history/seata-server

配置register.conf

修改为nacos相关配置

在nacos添加seata的配置

config
# 数据存储方式，db代表数据库
store.mode=db
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
## mysql 5.xx
store.db.driverClassName = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
## mysql 8.0
#store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
# 对应导入的数据库
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?useUnicode=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&useSSL=false
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=qpj@123456
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.distributedLockTable=distributed_lock
​
# 对应 ${spring.application.name}-group，指定需要分布式事务的模块
service.vgroupMapping.seata-validate-demo-group=default
service.vgroupMapping.default=default
      
store.db.maxWait=5000
# 事务、日志等配置
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
​
# 客户端与服务端传输方式
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
# 关闭metrics功能，提高性能
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

在mysql中建表

创建数据库

sql
CREATE DATABASE `seata` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci */ /*!80016 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION='N' */;

sql
-- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' --------------------------------
-- the table to store GlobalSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
    `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`            BIGINT,
    `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,
    `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),
    `timeout`                   INT,
    `begin_time`                BIGINT,
    `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`                DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
    KEY `idx_status_gmt_modified` (`status` , `gmt_modified`),
    KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
​
-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
    `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`    BIGINT,
    `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
    `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),
    `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),
    `status`            TINYINT,
    `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),
    `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),
    `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),
    PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
​
-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
    `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `xid`            VARCHAR(128),
    `transaction_id` BIGINT,
    `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),
    `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),
    `pk`             VARCHAR(36),
    `status`         TINYINT      NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0:locked ,1:rollbacking',
    `gmt_create`     DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
    KEY `idx_status` (`status`),
    KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
​
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `distributed_lock`
(
    `lock_key`       CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    `lock_value`     VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    `expire`         BIGINT,
    primary key (`lock_key`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
​
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('AsyncCommitting', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryCommitting', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryRollbacking', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('TxTimeoutCheck', ' ', 0);

项目中引入seata依赖

微服务继承seata

XA模式原理

先执行操作但是不提交，在全部服务成功之后最后提交，一旦有操作失败就回滚操作

seata中的XA

实现XA模式

AT模式

AT模式会直接提交，会记录前后更新的快照

启用AT模式

导入seata数据库

sql
-- seata_demo.undo_log definition
​
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `context` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
  `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
  `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
  `ext` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE,
  UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=63 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC;

配置中修改为AT模式重启服务

TCC模式

saga模式

模式对比

5.高可用

TC异地多机房容灾架构